Animal Development

We were just tubes, like worms, but then we evolved into humans through million of years.

There are 8 parts of animal species difference, the species, the genus, the family, the order, the class, the phylum, the kingdom and the domain.

Sea Sponges have a very simple body system, and if you, well, blenderise a sea sponge and leave it's blenderised body for a day, the sea sponge bits will form into a new sponge.

Sponges don't have a mouth or an anus.

Some animals have 1 hole that acts as a mouth and a anus.

Aren't you glad that you're a little more complicated than that.

We are actually still just tubes, at least what's inside us.

Our Intestines, veins, etc, are just tubes, as I said earlier.

The formation of the digestive tract is the first stage of becoming a sentient being that's alive, you know what I mean.

We have a complex digestive tract, and again, be thankful that you have a mouth and a anus.

We have lots of germ layers, like other complex mammals.

Other animals, like shellfish have their mouth and anus on their same tube, which is kinda gross, but the shellfish doesn't care, that's just how it's built.

We all used to be shellfish so we also excreted poop through are mouths. Gross.

Sponges are kinda like octopuses, as they both have brains all around them, but I think that only the sponges can reform together.

Sea Sponges don't have mouths.

Sea Sponges don't have anuses either.

Sea Sponges have a Monus! Lol, It's kinda like a mouth and a anus, umm, yeah, ok.

We have an Ectoderm and an Endoderm, the ectoderm being the skin and the endoderm being the intestines, inside parts, stuff, etc.

Embryos evolve all the body parts that a normal animal would have through all the months or years that the baby is inside the womb.

Were all just tubes! Were all just tubes! TUBES! Don't you understand man! TUBES!

A sea sponge is a mess symmetry wise.

The sea sponge can survive no matter how many pieces it is in, just try doing that with another animal, actually, wait, NO, DON'T TRY DOING THAT WITH ANOTHER ANIMAL.

The Morula is named after a mulberry because it looks like one.

We are built around tubes.

Gastrulation is where developing stops for the Monus creatures.

Darwin edited pictures to correspond with his theory instead of editing his theory to correspond with the pictures.

Animals at the phylum level have lots of differences.

Sea sponges are not so amazing multi-cellular organisms.

We, as animals have a digestive tract with a mouth at one end and an anus at the other.

Embryos don't look like the animal that they're meant to look like first, but through the time in the womb they become more and more like the animal that they're meant to look like.

Hippies and PETA are not the only people that care about nature, ecologists do too.

If a sperm cell and an egg cell connect, they will develop into a variety of animals, depending on which type of sperm and egg they have.

Sea anemones, jellyfish and corals only have a Monus.

All vertebrates are Deuterostomes, which means that all of us vertebrates were just a puny butthole attached to something.

We don't stop at Diploblasts, we keep evolving until we're Triploblasts.

All vertebrate embryos look pretty similar, at least in the eyes of Heckell.

Heckell observed embryos for a long time, which must be pretty horrifying, unless the embryo is still in the womb.

Heckell was editing his drawings to match his theory, which was pretty bad, because you should instead make the theory match your drawings.

The endoderm of our germ layers makes up our digestive tract, our esophagus, you know what I mean.

It's unbelievably amazing that we evolve from a one celled organism to a human being.

Sea Sponges do not have any organs, or brains, or, well, you know, they are pretty much nothing.

Embryos get their food from a tube called an umbilical cord.

Some of the food a pregnant woman eats will get transferred to the embryo through the umbilical cord.

But for eggs, the food is transferred from the yolk, where the delicious raw yolk (eww) gets eaten by the chick while still in the egg.

Not only chicks but also reptiles, amphibians and fish also use the egg tactic, only us mammals only use the umbilical cord-Painful birth-Mother in terrible pain tactic.

Basically, god's been a scumbag creating us mammals. He only gave echidnas and Platypuses the awesome egg laying ability.

And we have to go through a painful birth. Well only the women. Poor women.

Speciation!

Lions and Tigers can have babies, aka Ligers and Tigrons.

If a male lion and a female tiger have a cub, it will become a Liger.

If a male tiger and a female lion have a cub, it will become a Tigron.

Mules are made when a male donkey and a female horse have a baby.

All of the three animals that I've described earlier cannot have babies themselves.

I can't be sure about this, but I think that there are lots of other crossbreeded animals out there.

Some dog breeds can breed with each other, some cannot.

We are related to chimps and bonobos, but I don't think that means you should try to mate with them, if you know what I mean.

Two organisms have to have fertile offspring if they want their offspring to have offspring.

Lions and tigers cannot create fertile offspring.

Donkeys and Horses cannot have fertile offspring either.

We are slightly related to our ancestors, homo erectus and homo habilis.

You can imagine a liger as a tiger with lion skin and a tigron as a lion with tiger skin.

If your species branches out too far, you will not be able to make fertile offspring with the other branch.

An example of one species being separated is when a branch of a bird species becomes nocturnal, making it a completely different branch and eventually a different species.

Ground Finches and Cactus Finches can have babies, which was bigger than the other ones.

Dog Breeding takes the natural out of the selection.

We are the now dominant homo, and we made all the others go extinct.

We are Homo Sapien Sapiens.

Lions and Tigers are different species, but they are from the same family, the feline family.

Humans and Monkeys are different species, but they are from the same family, the primate family.

All of our other ancestors kicked the bucket long ago.

We lack significant body hair because, maybe we were originally designed for the sea, with hair that is good for swimming. This is only a theory, because we are made to eat seafood. There are more theories, but in my opinion, this is the most logical.

Don't completely believe what I said earlier, our natural food might not be seafood, this is just another theory. The reason of this theory being made is because fish oil makes our brain better and it seems that people who eat fish live longer.

There are lots of theories about human evolution, but I think the seafood one is the most logical. This is just my opinion, you can choose your own.

The next sentence is another example of speciation.

The Homo Sapiens (not us) split into two species, Homo Sapiens Sapiens(us) and Homo Sapeins Neanderthalensis.

Almost all past animals speciated to become two different species, like birds and reptiles. Ever heard of the Archaeopteryx? The Archaeopteryx is a reptile that slowly morphed into a bird. The bird species is just the product of speciation! Dinosaurs speciated to become birds and maybe even mammals!

The fish speciated to become amphibians, which speciated to become reptiles, which speciated to become birds and animals.

There is a lot of speciation in animal evolution.

I'm kinda exaggerating here, because speciation did not cause everything. This is just one of my theories.

You cannot reproduce with other mammals other than even only a small amount of apes, but I think you should stick with humans, dude. Because the reproduction stage for a human and another hairy ape is like "Oh........ God."

Stick to your own species please.

Humans may be far apart, but we are still not too far apart to not be able to reproduce with each other, humans can still reproduce with humans.

In the future, I think we will still be able to reproduce with each other, but if we split too far, we won't be able to reproduce with each other, although this happening is very unlikely.

If one branch of a species lived in a snowy environment and another branch lived in a very tropical environment, they might be able to split into two new species, but this hasn't happened yet with humans, if it ever will.

You cannot reproduce with other mammals other than even only a small amount of apes, but I think you should stick with humans, dude. Because the reproduction stage for a human and another hairy ape is like "Oh........ God."

Stick to your own species please.

Humans may be far apart, but we are still not too far apart to not be able to reproduce with each other, humans can still reproduce with humans.

In the future, I think we will still be able to reproduce with each other, but if we split too far, we won't be able to reproduce with each other, although this happening is very unlikely.

If one branch of a species lived in a snowy environment and another branch lived in a very tropical environment, they might be able to split into two new species, but this hasn't happened yet with humans, if it ever will.



You cannot reproduce with other mammals other than even only a small amount of apes, but I think you should stick with humans, dude. Because the reproduction stage for a human and another hairy ape is like "Oh........ God."

Stick to your own species please.

Humans may be far apart, but we are still not too far apart to not be able to reproduce with each other, humans can still reproduce with humans.In the future, I think we will still be able to reproduce with each other, but if we split too far, we won't be able to reproduce with each other, although this happening is very unlikely.

If one branch of a species lived in a snowy environment and another branch lived in a very tropical environment, they might be able to split into two new species, but this hasn't happened yet with humans, if it ever will.

Natural Selection!

Natural Selection occurs when the animals that are more suitable to the environment survive, and the ones that are not don't.

The animals that survive, of course, reproduce, making the species more adapted to the current environment.

Charles Darwin discovered Natural Selection, when he found out that Galapagos Finches on different islands had different beaks, showing that the species of Finches that was more suitable for that Island survived, and the ones that weren't didn't.

The Finches also increased fitness until it was suitable for the island they were on.

Through Natural Selection we got to where we were today.

If an animal gives birth, usually there is a runt of the litter, which normally does not survive because the other young push it out of the way, leaving it to die.

The sentence above is another example of natural selection.

Darwin married his cousin, which made him think about natural selection and if his offspring would be healthy.

Darwin studied crossbreeding and inbreeding.

Darwin had 10 children. 3 of them died in their childhood and the other 7 were not very healthy, which made him think even more about natural selection and inbreeding.

Giraffes adapted to have medium length necks, with the ones with very long necks dying and the ones with very short necks dying.

Medium is best for Natural Selection, but now the big kids also survive because of a Ceasarian Section, where an operation is made to get the large baby out through a cut in the womb, which they pull the big baby out of.

Birds had a hard time seeing common pepper moths until the trees turned black because of the soot, after that, the rarer, black moths survived.

Charles Darwin, maybe one of the most famous scientists, went to the galapagos islands, and you know the rest, I made notes on it.

Charles Darwin was interested in natural selection for his whole life.

The Galapagos Finches were one of the most important things in science.

Emma Wedgewood was the wife of Charles Darwin, and, actually was his first cousin.

Darwin also studied plant crossbreeding.

The survival rate of babies was better for the middle range babies.

There are lots of examples of natural selection.

The animals need to adapt to the environment, food, water, pretty much any essential thing if they want to survive.

Some animals use sexual selection, like deer and peacocks.

Sexual selection is when the stronger male, in this case, the one with the bigger horns and the bigger plumage, gets all the girls.

Natural Selection is one of the most important types of evolutionary change in history.

Populations can have way more offspring if there is an abundance of food, but when that food runs out, most of the young will die, the survivors being the winners of natural selection.

Normally, the survivors of natural selection should have all of the offspring, making all of the babies like them, so they will survive better than the ones who died.

There are lots of causes of natural selection, including a parasite, change in the weather, change in food and lots of other things.

Charles Darwin was obsessed with observing nature.

Charles Darwin went to the galapagos islands on a ship called the Beagle.

There was someone in the Beagle that didn't want to believe charles darwin, he was a very serious christian.

Darwin's family was not as healthy as the average family in the present.

The Coal Powered Factories is the reason that the white peppered moths almost went extinct.

Only 5 percent of the peppered moths were white after a bit of soot covered trees.

Charles Darwin also studied his own family. Awkward, huh?

The Finches that ate hard seeds had thick beaks, the ones that ate insects had skinny, pointed beaks, and finally, the ones that ate cactus fruit had sharp beaks so they could pierce the cactus fruit's skin.

There are lots more finches with a huge variety of beaks.

Darwin wrote to his neighbor about a question about inbreeding.

Darwin's cousin was Emma Wedgewood, and Darwin's mother was also a Wedgewood.

That Wedgewood trait made Darwin's children very weak, as I said before, 3 died in their youth because of a sickness.

Every plant and animal has to go through natural selection if they want to make the most healthy child.

Populations can have way more offspring than food. This happens frequently if we feed the stray animals too much.

If a species separates enough, they can become two new different species. This is called Speciation.

A deer can use it's horns just to look intimidating.

Breeds of dogs are bred through Artificial Selection, which is when the humans choose what dogs should reproduce.

Before, the darker moths were only 5% of the peppered moths, but during the industrial selection.

There are 4 basic principles of natural selection.

If a trait is favorable, it will be passed on to the next generation of the species.

If a war kills a lot of people and there are only a few survivors, that would be another example of natural selection.

Natural Selection can also happen with plague, in a similar way to war.

Jesiah Wedgewood was a person that founded a really good pottery company.

Meiosis.

Offspring have half their mom's traits, half their dad's traits.

The male produces the sperm, and the female produces the egg.

Offspring have half of each of their parent's traits because of the process of mitosis.

Mitosis and Meiosis are similar.

All of your cells have 46 chromosomes.

Meiosis is like Mitosis, except twice.

The first stage of Meiosis is Prophase 1.

You and your brother would normally be different, except if you were identical twins.

Identical Twins! Shout out in the comments!

There are lots of stages in Meiosis, like Metaphase 1 and Telophase 1.

Meiosis marks a checkpoint between it with Cytokinesis.

There are more stages in Meiosis, including Prophase 2, Metaphase 2, Telophase 2, you get the point, don't you?

Finally, Meiosis finishes with another stage of Cytokinesis.

Half of your sperm( Of course, if you're a man) is female, half is male.

When (You know) happens, the sperm go into a crazy race to get to the egg.

The most common reproduction is sexual reproduction.

Sexual reproduction begins with sex cells.

We all have different sex cells.

The answer to the mystery of sexual reproduction is Meiosis.

Once again, there are so many reasons that you can't clone yourself.

If you took all the DNA from one of your parents, you would be a clone of them.

There are special cells that have only 23 cells, the sperm and the egg.

A special diploid cell splits in half two times in the process of Meiosis.

Part 1 and Part 2 of Meiosis are extremely similar in many ways.

Men produce sperm and women produce eggs after puberty begins.

If you want to know a good way to describe Meiosis, think of it as Mitosis, two times.

In the process of mitosis, the cells split into two cells with 46 chromosomes, but when those two cells split again, they become four cells, each with 23 chromosomes.

The vast majority of your cells can clone themselves.

If half of your cells were from your mom and half from your dad, you would look really weird.

Sperm and Egg cells are Haploid Cells.

All the stages of meiosis happen in mitosis too.

Each double chromosome has two chromatids.

In Meiosis, every copy is very, very different.

Double chromosomes trade their genetic codes in a process called recombination.

One of the pillars of natural selection is variation, so to speak.

Male cells have XY chromosomes, Female cells have XX chromosomes.

You need a Y chromosome to become a male.

Telophase 1 is the final stage of the first part of Meiosis.

After the first part of Meiosis, we have 2 haploid cells.

Next, in the second part of Meiosis, we will have 4 haploid cells, 2 male and 2 female.

All of the haploid cells produced in Meiosis are the same size, but they are going to be different in lots of ways.

Every human started as one tiny tiny cell.

Homologous means two cells have the same relation.

The egg is created when another cell splits into 4 but only 1 is used, the egg of course.

The other 3 cells are called Polar Bodies, and they are completely useless.

The first stage of Mitosis And Meiosis is Interphase.

In Prophase 1, the copies of the chromosomes stick to each other.

Your mother's chromosome' and your father's chromosomes' Xs get tangled up during Meiosis. All 4 chromatids will be different in lots of ways.

The 23rd pair of chromosomes will become part of your sex cells.

In Telophase 1, the nucleus duplicates itself.

In Cytokinesis, the cell completely duplicates itself.

Don't forget, Cytokinesis happens twice.

Prophase 2 is slightly different from Prophase 1.

At first, the egg in Meiosis splits into 1 egg and 1 polar body, after that, the egg splits into 1 egg and 1 polar body and the polar body splits into 2 polar bodies.

Lots of our sex cells are different.

Meiosis is also used by plants and animals which don't have live birth.

All of your body cells contain the same mix of DNA.

Only some cells can go through the process of mitosis.

Your sex cells are contained in your ovaries, if you are a woman, or your testes, if you are a man.

You were born to make life.

Men and women have to be a certain age before their sex cells are ready, there is a name for that stage of life, puberty, duh.

1 pair of your chromosomes will become your sex chromosomes.

You always end up with 4 cells in meiosis, but when you're a girl, the other 3 cells are useless, as you only need 1 egg.

It is amazing that you came from 1 cell. If you aren't surprised by this I don't know how to impress you.